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Proletarian nation
Proletarian nation was a term used by 20th century Italian nationalist intellectuals such as Enrico Corradini and later adopted by Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini to refer to Italy and other poorer countries that were subordinate to the western imperialist powers. These powers were described by Mussolini as "Plutocratic Nations" (nazioni plutocratiche). Corradini associated the proletariat with the economic function of production and believed that the "producers" should be at the forefront of a new, imperialist "proletarian nation".〔Paul Corner. The Fascist Party and Popular Opinion in Mussolini's Italy. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press, 2012. Pp. 16.〕 Mussolini considered that the military struggles unfolding in Europe in the mid-20th century could have revolutionary consequences that could lead to an improvement in the position of Italy in comparison with the major imperialist powers such as Britain.
Nazism rejected the Marxist concept of internationalist class struggle, it identified "class struggle between nations", and sought to resolve internal class struggle in the nation while it identified Germany as a proletarian nation fighting against plutocratic nations.〔David Nicholls. Adolf Hitler: a biographical companion. Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO, 2000. P. 245.〕
==Origins==
Two prominent concepts promoted by Corradini inspired fascism: Corradini's theory of "war as revolution" and his theory of "proletarian nationalism".〔Talmon, Jacob Leib. ''The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution: The Origins of Ideological Polarization''. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, USA: University of California Press p. 484.〕 Though Corradini opposed revolutionary socialism in Italy for its anti-patriotism, anti-militarism, internationalism, and its advocacy of class conflict, he and other nationalists admired its revolutionary and conquering spirit and, in a 1910 meeting of the Italian Nationalist Association, declared support for proletarian nationalism, saying:
“We are the proletarian people in respect to the rest of the world. Nationalism is our socialism. This established, nationalism must be founded on the truth that Italy is morally and materially a proletarian nation.” ''Manifesto of the Italian Nationalist Association, December 1910.''〔
A similar conception was invoked in Germany during World War I by Johann Plenge, who advocated a "National Socialism" and described the war as being between a "proletarian" Germany versus a "capitalist" Britain.〔Kitchen, Martin, A History of Modern Germany, 1800-2000 (Malden, Massaschussetts, USA; Oxford, England, UK; Carlton, Victoria, Australia: Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 2006), p. 205.〕
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